Txij puag thaum ub los txog niaj hnub no, cov neeg tau ua tiav kom muaj kev vam meej thiab yug tsiaj muaj muv. Beekeeping yog los ntawm tsis muaj txhais tau tias ib qho yooj yim txoj haujlwm, uas nws yuav zoo li los ntawm sab nraud. Kev lag luam no yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm ntau thiab siv zog ntawm lub cev, ntxiv rau, koj xav tau ntau yam kev paub txog kev tu kom zoo thiab saib xyuas cov muv. Ib tug novice beekeeper xav kom txawj tag nrho cov subtleties, nta thiab cov hau kev ntawm kev nteg qe muv. Tsuas yog cov neeg tsis quav ntsej lossis cov neeg tub nkeeg, nrog rau cov neeg ua xua rau kev ua kom muv, tuaj yeem poob siab hauv kev lag luam ntawm beekeeping.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog
- - Khaus,
- - muv,
- - khoom siv,
- - ntas.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Thawj kauj ruam yog mus khaws tau muv. Tus novice beekeeper yuav cov khaus thiab ntau tus muv. Yog tias koj muaj cov khaus khiab dawb, tom qab ntawv koj tuaj yeem yuav ob peb Swarms lossis pob muv uas tau ua haujlwm thaj tsam hauv thaj chaw. Kev yuav cov nkauj nyob rau hauv kev khaus, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau caw tus neeg saib xyuas kev ncaj ncees uas tuaj yeem saib thiab txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm zuag ntsis thiab huab tais, qhov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom noj thiab cov muv. Nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov muv thaum caij nplooj ntoo hlav lossis lub caij sov thaum pib, thaum muaj broods ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv hauv lawv tsev neeg. Nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai rau qhov tseeb tias cov tub ntxhais hluas lub qe nteg qe rau hauv lub voj voog, tsis ploj ib tus ntawm ib leeg. Yog hais tias tus vauv txhawm dua nrog qhov khoob lossis drone convex cells, qhov no qhia tau tias lub hnub nyoog laus ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Yog hais tias muaj dawb, mummified larvae nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, ces qhov no yog qhov qhia ntawm tus kab mob.
Kauj ruam 2
Cov khoom noj ntawm cov zaub mov hauv lub zes yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog plaub kilo. Bee zos nyob rau lub sijhawm no yuav tsum nyob txog 5-7 thav ntawv. Thaum lub sijhawm yuav khoom, xaiv cov tsev neeg nyob rau hauv kev khaus khaus nrog lub teeb, huv huv combs. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los thauj cov muv thaum hmo ntuj, thaum lub xyoo ntawm muv twb tas thiab qhov chaw nkag tau raug kaw. Sim mus yuav cov muv nyob ntawm qhov ntev li ntawm 2-3 km, kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib sau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm muv mus rau lawv qhov chaw nyob qub.
Kauj ruam 3
Rau tus pib beekeeper, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv 12-16 thav duab ua xaum nrog kev txuas ntxiv lossis lub lawj-txaj rau 20 thav ntawv, yav tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem ua tus tswv yug me nyuam ntawm muv hauv ntau lub cev khaus, uas muaj 3 lub cev nrog 10 ntas txhua. Ntxiv mus, txhua tus beekeeper yuav tsum muaj ob peb lub hives spare thiaj li hloov overwintered Bee zos mus rau hauv lawv. Cov kev ua xua tom qab cov muv raug muab ntxuav, muab tshuaj tua kab thiab siv ua swarm, txheej txheej, lossis khaws cia kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tom ntej.
Kauj ruam 4
Cov thav ntawv hauv qhov khaus khaus yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev thiab meej. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib daim hlab txuas sab nraud thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab yuav tsum yog 7 hli, nrog qhov sib nrug deb dua, muv tuaj yeem tsim thaj chaw no nrog honeycombs, thiab yog tias tsawg dua, lawv tuaj yeem nplaum cov thav ntawv nrog lub plab Thaum tshuaj xyuas cov kab ua muv, koj yuav tsum tau ntu kho cov propolis ntawm cov dividers rau ntawm cov thav ntawv. Qhov no yuav tso cai koj los mus sau cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj beekeeping thiab khaws cov thav ntawv zoo.
Kauj ruam 5
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoo hlav, lub beekeeper pub muv nrog qab zib phoov yog tias muaj khoom noj me me hauv lub zes. Tab sis yog tias muaj qhov tsis lees paub thav ntawv nrog zib ntab, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem luam lawv thiab muab lawv tso rau hauv qhov khaus ntawm tsev neeg tsis muaj zog los ntawm ntug qhov zes. Cov muv yuav sai sai yuav khaws cov zib ntab, kom tshem cov ntas tag. Zib ntab sai dua li qab zib phoov yuav ua rau tsev neeg tsis muaj zog kom tau txais lub zog thiab npaj rau kev sau zib ntab.
Kauj Ruam 6
Thaum pub muv nrog piam thaj phoov, nco ntsoov tias lawv tseem xav tau zaub mov muaj protein ntau. Yog li ntawd, cov suab thaj qab zib tuaj yeem muaj zog nrog cov protein. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov poov xab poov xab, mis los yog taum pauv ua kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus. Txhawm rau npaj cov mis-piam thaj phoov, koj yuav tsum noj 1.5 kg suab thaj thiab 800 ml dej, rhaub lub qab thiab txias. Ncuav rau hauv 200 g ntawm mis nyuj.
Kauj Ruam 7
Brewer cov poov xab muaj kab kawm, vitamins thiab cov protein yooj yim zom. Npaj txheem dej qab zib syrup, txias thiab ntxiv cov poov (12 g ib 1 liter ntawm syrup), do zoo.
Kauj ruam 8
Muab cov muv nrog dej ntshiab, tsis tu ncua. Ua li no, muab ib lub phaj ntawm sawdust nyob rau hauv lub apiary, rau hauv uas koj xav tau los hliv dej txhua hnub. Hloov cov sawdust thiab ntxuav lub phaj ib hlis ib zaug. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tso rau tus neeg haus cawv thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tom qab lub davhlau caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm muv, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav muaj sijhawm los siv rau lwm qhov dej thiab yuav tsis quav ntsej rau tus neeg haus cawv.
Kauj Ruam 9
Nws raug nquahu los kuaj muv hauv cov hnub sov sov thiab tsis muaj cua. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov muv muaj haujlwm nrog ua haujlwm thiab ua twj ywm rau kev cuam tshuam hauv lawv lub neej. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tshuaj xyuas cov huab tais tsis muaj huab tais kav ntev, vim tias cov muv no feem ntau npau taws thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntxiv hauv apiary. Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov muv, plev yog qhov ua tau, nws zoo dua los saib xyuas cov cuab yeej ua ntej.
